India has a rapidly growing population, which is increasing the demand for energy throughout the country. 75% of India’s energy needs are met through the burning of fossil fuels; meaning greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise [IEA, 2020]. Since 2013, India has accounted for more than half of the increase in global CO2 output [Carbon Brief, 2019]. In order to achieve the goals set out under the Paris Agreement it is vital to reverse this trend, and increase the prevalence of renewable energy generation in India. The Indian Government has estimated that achieving its Paris emissions reduction pledge will require $2.5 trillion in carbon finance between now and 2030, from domestic and international sources [India Intended Nationally Determined Contribution, UNFCCC]. You are supporting these efforts by purchasing carbon credits from Indian grid-scale wind energy projects. Carbon finance is supporting the development of wind farms throughout the country, bolstering the transition to low carbon energy provision and creating jobs in predominantly rural areas. Renewable energy projects not only feed clean electricity into the grid, but stabilise supplies for rural communities and often improve local infrastructure. There is a summary of these positive impacts overleaf.
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Nearly 3 billion people in the developing world cook food and heat their homes with traditional cookstoves or open fires. The World Bank estimates that 4 million premature deaths occur every year as a result. In Ghana more than 80% of the population use solid fuels for cooking. This project introduces the Gyapa to families in Ghana. An efficient cookstove, the Gyapa cooks food more quickly, requires 46% less fuel and is less smoky, meaning it not only cuts carbon emissions, but reduces exposure to toxic fumes. Cutting fuel requirements saves families as much as $100 dollars annually, at the same time protecting Ghana’s dwindling forests. A key outcome from this project is job creation. The stoves are made locally; the liners by a small group of accredited local ceramicists who have received specialist training and the metal claddings by a further group of accredited manufacturers. The project provides training and quality control services and distributes the stoves through a wide network of retailers.
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Less than 20% of the 35 million Bangladeshi households have access to clean cooking . Traditionally, cooking is done over an open firepit, releasing smoke and particulate pollutants. These pollutants contribute to 49,000 premature deaths a year and causes millions in the country to suffer from respiratory diseases, asthma, cardiovascular diseases and eye and skin infections. Women and children are particularly affected, due to their role in food preparation. The Bangladesh Bondhu Foundation is changing this through its Bondhu Chula, which loosely translates as the ‘friendly stove’. The combustion chamber is designed to ensure a more efficient burn reducing fuel use and the chimney takes the harmful pollutants out of the house. The project works with micro-entrepreneurs who receive training in stove production, sales and marketing and after-sales service. Carbon finance is used to subsidise 50% of the cost of stove installation, provide after sales services, as well as a seven-day training programme for the local entrepreneurs. This arrangement has proved highly successful; over 3 million stoves have been installed to date, bringing skilled work to more than 5,000 entrepreneurs.
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